# Wydawnictwa / Banach Center Publications / Wszystkie tomy

## Explicit construction of a unitary double product integral

### Tom 96 / 2011

Banach Center Publications 96 (2011), 215-236 MSC: 81S25. DOI: 10.4064/bc96-0-14

#### Streszczenie

In analogy with earlier work on the forward-backward case, we consider an explicit construction of the forward-forward double stochastic product integral $\def\rra{{\rightarrow\rightarrow}}\prod\limits^\rra (1+dr)$ with generator $dr=\lambda (dA^{\dagger }\otimes dA-dA\otimes dA^{\dagger })$. The method of construction is to approximate the product integral by a discrete double product $\def\rra{{\rightarrow\rightarrow}}\prod\limits^\rra_{(j,k)\in \Bbb{N}_m\times \Bbb{N}_n}\Gamma (R_{m,n}^{(j,k)})=\Gamma \bigl( \prod\limits^\rra_{(j,k)\in \Bbb{N}_m\times \Bbb{N}_n}(R_{m,n}^{(j,k)})\bigr)$ of second quantised rotations $R_{m,n}^{(j,k)}$ in different planes using the embedding of $\Bbb{ C}^m\oplus \Bbb{C}^n$ into $L^2(\Bbb{R})\oplus L^2(\Bbb{R})$ in which the standard orthonormal bases of $\Bbb{C}^m$ and $\Bbb{C}^n$ are mapped to the orthonormal sets consisting of normalised indicator functions of equipartitions of finite subintervals of $\Bbb{R}$. The limits as $m,n\longrightarrow \infty$ of such double products of rotations are constructed heuristically by a new method, and are shown rigorously to be unitary operators. Finally it is shown that the second quantisations of these unitary operators do indeed satisfy the quantum stochastic differential equations defining the double product integral.

#### Autorzy

• R. L. HudsonMathematics Department, Loughborough University
Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, Great Britain
• Paul JonesMathematics Department, Loughborough University
Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, Great Britain

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